Security Learning Roadmap For MAANG FAANG

Security Learning Roadmap — Aditya Kumar
Security Career Roadmap

Fill the gaps.
Land the role.

A structured learning map for Aditya Kumar targeting offensive security and product security engineering roles at FAANG / top-tier companies. Based on gap analysis against current resume.

5Critical gaps
3High priority areas
2Strategic certs
~12moEstimated timeline
Track your progress
0 of 20 topics started0%
🐍
Python & Security Scripting
4 topics · ~3 months
Python fundamentals for security
Critical

The #1 filter at FAANG security interviews. You need to write scripts, automate exploitation, and build tooling. Start with the basics, then immediately apply to security contexts — socket programming, file I/O, HTTP requests.

Data types & control flow File handling socket programming requests library argparse subprocess
Writing custom security tools
Critical

Build tools from scratch: a port scanner, a subdomain enumerator, a SQLi fuzzer, a password sprayer. This is what separates a tester from an engineer. FAANG interviews often ask you to write or explain a custom tool.

Port scanner (raw sockets) Directory brute-forcer HTTP fuzzer JWT cracker Custom Burp extension (Python)
Exploit development with Python
High

Writing PoC exploits is essential for red team roles. Learn to craft payloads, handle binary protocols, interact with services programmatically. Even basic buffer overflow PoC in Python demonstrates engineering depth.

pwntools library Shellcode generation PoC scripting Payload encoding impacket library
Learn pwntools docs impacket 3–4 weeks
Bash & Go basics for security
High

Many modern security tools (nuclei, subfinder, httpx) are written in Go. Bash scripting is essential for automation in red team engagements. Being able to read and modify Go code is a big plus at tech companies.

Bash scripting Go basics Reading Go security tools Cron + automation
☁️
Cloud Security — AWS / GCP / Azure
4 topics · ~3 months
AWS fundamentals for attackers
Critical

FAANG runs on cloud. You must understand how attackers target cloud environments before you can defend or assess them. Learn the AWS attack surface from first principles — IAM is the crown jewel.

IAM roles & policies S3 bucket misconfig EC2 metadata SSRF Lambda injection CloudTrail evasion Secrets Manager
IAM privilege escalation
Critical

The most common cloud attack path in real engagements. Understanding how to escalate from a limited IAM role to admin is the single most-asked cloud security interview question at FAANG red teams.

PassRole abuse AssumeRole chains iam:CreatePolicyVersion Instance profile pivoting Pacu tool
Container & Kubernetes security
High

All FAANG runs on Kubernetes. Container escape, RBAC misconfig, exposed dashboards, service account token theft — these are bread-and-butter findings in cloud pentests at top companies.

Docker escape techniques K8s RBAC misconfig Service account abuse Etcd exposure Privilege pod escape
Practice Kubernetes Goat badPods 4 weeks
AWS Security Specialty certification
Strategic cert

The AWS Security Specialty cert validates cloud security knowledge and is explicitly recognised by hiring managers at AWS security teams and adjacent FAANG roles. Take this after CloudGoat practice.

Incident response on AWS Logging & monitoring Infrastructure security Identity management
Study AWS Official Udemy course 6–8 weeks prep
🐛
Bug Bounty & Public Research Profile
3 topics · ongoing
Start a HackerOne / Bugcrowd profile
Critical

FAANG recruiters Google you before your interview. A verified HackerOne or Bugcrowd profile with even P3/P4 accepted reports is more convincing than any certification. Start with private programs and work up to public.

HackerOne programs Bugcrowd programs Scope analysis Report writing Disclosure etiquette
Start HackerOne Bugcrowd Start now
Get a CVE assigned
Critical

One CVE carries enormous weight in FAANG hiring. Find a vulnerability in an open-source project (GitHub, npm packages, Python libraries), responsibly disclose, and follow the CVE assignment process via MITRE or a CNA.

Open source vuln hunting Responsible disclosure process CVE Numbering Authority CVSS scoring your own finding
Public GitHub + security blog
Critical

A public GitHub with custom tools and CTF writeups, combined with a blog documenting your methodology, is the single most-effective résumé upgrade. Recruiters at Google, Meta, and Apple actively look for this.

CTF writeups (HTB / THM) Custom tool repos Bug bounty methodology docs Medium / personal blog
Platforms GitHub Medium HackTheBox Start now
📱
iOS & Advanced Mobile Security
2 topics · ~2 months
iOS application pentesting
Critical

You have Android locked down — now add iOS. Apple's own security team and other FAANG companies test iOS extensively. The toolchain is different but your Frida & Objection knowledge transfers significantly.

Frida on iOS Objection iOS module SSL pinning bypass on iOS Keychain data extraction IPA static analysis class-dump / Hopper Jailbreak detection bypass
iOS runtime analysis & reversing
High

Going deeper than dynamic analysis — understanding Objective-C runtime, Swift reversing, and binary analysis of iOS apps differentiates you from the hundreds of basic mobile testers in the job market.

Objective-C runtime Swift name mangling Binary analysis with Ghidra Cycript / Method swizzling Entitlements analysis
🔬
Source Code Security Review
3 topics · ~2 months
Reading code for vulnerabilities
Critical

FAANG Product Security Engineers review PRs, audit code, and triage internally-reported bugs. You need to read Python, JavaScript, and Java and identify vulnerability patterns without running the code. This is white-box security.

Python vuln patterns (eval, pickle, exec) JS injection (innerHTML, eval, prototype) Java deserialization SQL query construction Auth logic flaws Race conditions
SAST tools — Semgrep & CodeQL
High

FAANG security teams use Semgrep and CodeQL to automate code review at scale. Knowing how to write custom rules puts you in a tiny minority of candidates. This is the "toolsmith" skill that engineering-focused security roles prize.

Semgrep rule writing CodeQL basics False positive tuning CI/CD integration Custom pattern matching
Threat modelling fundamentals
High

Product Security Engineers at FAANG join design reviews and produce threat models. STRIDE methodology, data flow diagrams, and trust boundary analysis are standard. This shifts your profile from "tester" to "security advisor".

STRIDE methodology Data flow diagrams Trust boundary analysis PASTA framework Attack trees
🏰
Active Directory & Red Team Depth
2 topics · ~2 months
Advanced Active Directory attacks
High

CRTA is a good foundation. Now go deeper — BloodHound enumeration, Kerberoasting, Pass-the-Ticket, DCSync, LAPS bypass, and constrained delegation abuse. These are standard red team interview scenarios at FAANG.

BloodHound / SharpHound Kerberoasting AS-REP Roasting Pass-the-Hash / Ticket DCSync attack LAPS bypass Constrained delegation Golden / Silver tickets
Practice THM AD path HTB AD track 4–6 weeks
CRTO — Red Team Ops certification
Strategic cert

Zero-Point Security's CRTO is the most respected red team operations cert after CRTO. It covers Cobalt Strike, C2 infrastructure, evasion, and full adversary simulation — directly relevant to FAANG red team roles.

Cobalt Strike operation C2 infrastructure setup AV/EDR evasion Lateral movement Persistence techniques
Study Zero-Point Security CRTO 8–10 weeks prep
🎯
Target Certifications (Priority Order)
OSCP
Offensive Security
Most globally recognised pentest cert. Mandatory for international FAANG roles. Validates scripting + exploitation + methodology.

▲ Priority #1
AWS Security Specialty
Amazon Web Services
Required for cloud security roles. Explicitly valued by AWS security team and adjacent FAANG hiring managers.

▲ Priority #2
CRTO
Zero-Point Security
Best red team ops cert for C2 and adversary simulation. Directly relevant to FAANG red team interviews.

▲ Priority #3
GWEB / GWAPT
GIAC / SANS
GIAC web app and API pentesting certs carry institutional weight with enterprise and government-adjacent FAANG procurement teams.

Priority #4
Built for Aditya Kumar · Based on FAANG security team gap analysis

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